Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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Mechanism of Breathing

Inspiration: $\Delta P = P_{atm} - P_{intra}$

Inspiration occurs when the intra-pulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure.

Terms:

$\Delta P$

Pressure difference

$P_{atm}$

Atmospheric pressure

$P_{intra}$

Intra-pulmonary pressure

Expiration: $\Delta P = P_{intra} - P_{atm}$

Expiration occurs when the intra-pulmonary pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure.

Terms:

$\Delta P$

Pressure difference

$P_{atm}$

Atmospheric pressure

$P_{intra}$

Intra-pulmonary pressure

Breathing involves inspiration and expiration, driven by pressure differences between the atmosphere and the lungs.

Common Use:

Understanding respiratory mechanics and diagnosing respiratory disorders.

Practice Related Questions

Lungs

Pressure

Respiration

1 of 5.

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Practice Questions

NEET Questions

1. Approximately seventy percent of carbon-dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs

2. When you hold your breath, which of the following gas changes in blood would first lead to the urge to breathe?

Asthma may be attributed to

Reduction in pH of blood will

Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking.

Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs, the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of

Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?

Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:

Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder?

10. The ciliated epithelial cells are required to move particles or mucus in a specific direction. In humans, these cells are mainly present in:

11. Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering from a respiratory disorder causing wheezing due to:

12. Tidal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is 1200 mL?

13.

Identify the wrong statement with reference to transport of oxygen.

14.

Select the correct events that occur during inspiration. $\newline$ (a) Contraction of diaphragm $\newline$ (b) Contraction of external inter-costal muscles $\newline$ (c) Pulmonary volume decreases $\newline$ (d) Intra pulmonary pressure increases

15. Select the favourable conditions required for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin at the alveoli.

16. The partial pressures (in mm Hg) of oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) at alveoli (the site of diffusion) are:

17.

Assertion (A): $\newline$ A person goes to high altitude and experiences ‘altitude sickness’ with symptoms like breathing difficulty and heart palpitations. $\newline$ Reason (R): $\newline$ Due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitude, the body does not get sufficient oxygen. $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.