To solve this problem, we need to analyze the given statements about non-chordates and determine which are correct. Let's examine each statement:$\newline \bullet$A. Pharynx is perforated by gill slits:$\newline$ - This feature is characteristic of chordates, not non-chordates. Therefore, this statement is incorrect for non-chordates.$\newline \bullet$B. Notochord is absent:$\newline$ - Non-chordates do not have a notochord. This statement is correct for non-chordates.$\newline \bullet$C. Central nervous system is dorsal:$\newline$ - In non-chordates, the central nervous system is typically ventral, not dorsal. This statement is incorrect for non-chordates.$\newline \bullet$D. Heart is dorsal if present:$\newline$ - In non-chordates, if a heart is present, it is usually located dorsally. This statement is correct for non-chordates.$\newline \bullet$E. Post anal tail is absent:$\newline$ - Non-chordates generally do not have a post-anal tail. This statement is correct for non-chordates.$\newline$Now, let's identify the correct combination of statements:$\newline$The correct statements for non-chordates are B, D, and E.$\newline$Therefore, the most appropriate answer is Option 1: B, D & E only.