To solve this problem, we need to analyze the given statements:$\newline$Assertion (A): Mendel’s law of independent assortment does not hold good for the genes that are located closely on the same chromosome.$\newline$Reason (R): Closely located genes assort independently.$\newline$Let's break down each statement:$\newline \bullet$Assertion (A):$\newline$ - Mendel's law of independent assortment states that alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation.$\newline$ - However, this law applies only when genes are located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome.$\newline$ - Genes that are located closely on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together, a phenomenon known as genetic linkage.$\newline$ - Therefore, Assertion (A) is correct.$\newline \bullet$Reason (R):$\newline$ - The statement that closely located genes assort independently is incorrect.$\newline$ - In reality, closely located genes tend to be inherited together and do not assort independently.$\newline$ - Hence, Reason (R) is not correct.$\newline$Now, let's determine if (R) is the correct explanation of (A):$\newline \bullet$Since Reason (R) is incorrect, it cannot be the correct explanation of Assertion (A).$\newline$Therefore, the most appropriate answer is Option 3: (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.