To solve this problem, we need to analyze the given statements:$\newline$Statement I: In the nephron, the descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water and permeable to electrolytes.$\newline$Statement II: The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by simple columnar brush border epithelium and increases the surface area for absorption.$\newline$Let's break down each statement:$\newline \bullet$Statement I:$\newline$ - The descending limb of the loop of Henle is actually permeable to water and impermeable to electrolytes.$\newline$ - This allows water to be reabsorbed into the surrounding medullary interstitium, concentrating the filtrate.$\newline$ - Therefore, Statement I is false.$\newline \bullet$Statement II:$\newline$ - The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium with a brush border.$\newline$ - The brush border increases the surface area for absorption, which is crucial for reabsorbing nutrients, ions, and water.$\newline$ - Therefore, Statement II is true.$\newline$Based on the analysis:$\newline \bullet$Statement I is false but Statement II is true.$\newline$Thus, the correct answer is Option 2: Statement I is false but Statement II is true.