The photoelectric threshold wavelength of silver is 3250×10−10 m. The velocity of the electron ejected from a silver surface by ultraviolet light of wavelength 2536×10−10 m is (Given h=4.14×10−15 eVs and c=3×108 m/s)
hard
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
2017
physics
0.6×106 m/s
61×103 m/s
0.3×106 m/s
6×105 m/s
Explanation
To solve this problem, we will use the photoelectric effect equation.The equation for the kinetic energy of the ejected electron is given by:K.E.=hν−ϕwhere ϕ is the work function of the material, and ν is the frequency of the incident light.The work function ϕ can be calculated using the threshold wavelength λ0:ϕ=λ0hcGiven:λ0=3250×10−10 mλ=2536×10−10 mh=4.14×10−15 eVsc=3×108 m/sFirst, calculate the work function ϕ:ϕ=3250×10−104.14×10−15×3×108ϕ=3250×10−1012.42×10−7ϕ=325012.42×103ϕ=3.82 eVNext, calculate the energy of the incident light E:E=λhcE=2536×10−104.14×10−15×3×108E=2536×10−1012.42×10−7E=253612.42×103E=4.90 eVNow, calculate the kinetic energy K.E. of the ejected electron:K.E.=E−ϕK.E.=4.90−3.82K.E.=1.08 eVConvert the kinetic energy from eV to joules:1 eV=1.6×10−19 JK.E.=1.08×1.6×10−19K.E.=1.728×10−19 JThe kinetic energy is also given by 21mv2, where m is the electron mass (9.11×10−31 kg):21mv2=1.728×10−19v2=9.11×10−312×1.728×10−19v2=9.11×10−313.456×10−19v2=3.794×1011v=3.794×1011v≈6.16×105 m/sTherefore, the velocity of the ejected electron is approximately 6×105 m/s, which corresponds to Option 1.
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